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external bonded FRP

Two main techniques are available today to strengthen existing concrete structures by using FRPs and both are a direct consequence of the steel plate bonding.

 

1. FRP Sheet bonding: a carbon, aramid or glass fibre sheet, generally 0.1- 0,2 mm thick, flexible, 100 % fibre based, is wet lay up bonded on concrete elements thanks to epoxy based fluid adhesives. CFRP, GFRP and AFRP shearsheeting are used for flexural, shear strengthening and confinement.

2. FRP plate bonding: a carbon fibre plates, generally 1,2 - 1,4 mm thick, rigid, manufactured by pultrusion (about 70 % fibre, 30 % resin), is bonded on concrete elements thanks to an epoxy based adhesive in a paste form. CFRP plating is used only for flexural strengthening or in few cases for confinement but the diameter of the elements must be quite high (silos for instance);

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